Symposium 12
More on Qualities of the Glorious Allah
Anwar:I think we need to talk about my third about qualities of Allah, Praised Be His Name.
Hasan:We have already gone through this discussion that the Glorious Allah is essentially in the existence and in absolute existence. Thus, He cannot have the qualities of the possible or creatures.
Anwar:Will you put in plain words, please?
Hasan:All right. We previously said that every perceptible has to be essential in existence, possibly in existence, or impossible in existence. This classification is a proof that there is what necessarily exists without having a creator, and there is what is possible to exist
and so it has to have a creator, and finally what cannot exist is impossible in existence. Now, what is essential to exist is absolute and unlimited in existence. So, the qualities He has are absolute and unlimited, and He has neither a couple nor a copy; He is the One and the Eternal.
Anwar:God bless you. How beautiful is this reasoning!
Hasan:This is one of the important proofs to the existence of the Most Exalted.
Anwar:I am all ears, Akhi Hasan! Please, go on.
Hasan:Yes, Inshallah. Therefore, if the qualities or the characteristics of the possibly in existence are excluded from Him, this tells us that He is not a matter, a compound, visible, an image or reflection of it; it also cannot be described with lightness, heaviness, tallness, shortness, direction, condition, movement, stillness, deficiency, time or place. This is because these are all qualities of possibly in existence or creatures and they are limited. So, if these qualities are excluded, He will consequently have the perfect qualities attached only to the Most Exalted.
Anwar:Why would you say ‘He will consequently have the perfect qualities’? This is as if you are saying this might not be true. Right?
Hasan:Very well! But, it is impossible not to be.
Anwar:Will you please give an example to clarify the idea?
Hasan:Of course. If we say you are human and we proved this, then the case in which you might not be human is totally cancelled. This is because you cannot have both qualities: human and non-human. It is impossible you are both human and non-human at one and the same time.
Anwar:Thanks a lot. It is very clear now. Continue, please.
Hasan:So, if the qualities of the possibly in existence are excluded from the Glorious Allah, it is proved He has the perfect qualities.
Anwar:What are those qualities that are ‘proved’?
Hasan:Look. The qualities are divided into two parts: proved and negative. The negative qualities are those
we have just talked about and we excluded the Almighty Allah from them. But the proved qualities are again divided into two parts:
Essence qualities:we can know these qualities from observing the very essence of God. This way we find out that we cannot gather up the essence quality with its opposite. For instance, we cannot say He is the Omniscient and not the Omniscient; it is just impossible. He is Omniscient, the Omnipotent, the Superior, the Alive, the One, The Everlasting, etc. and His essence is always described with them i.e. these qualities can never be detached from Him.
Deed qualities:they are subject to the situation; one quality can be true in one condition but the opposite in another condition like the Creator, the Provider, the Merciful, etc. and so, Allah, Praised Be His Name, is Merciful to believers but He is not Merciful with polytheists.
Anwar:I see you are looking at your watch. Are we done for today?
Hasan:Yes, I think we’ll have to continue our discussion next time, Inshallah.
Symposium 13
More on Qualities of the Glorious Allah
Anwar:You don’t know how eager I am for our discussion. It is a huge bless!
Hasan:We are always thankful to the Glorious Allah for the blessing of knowledge.
Anwar:So, we are going to continue with our last discussion, Inshallah.
Hasan:Yes, with all pleasure! We were talking about the qualities of Allah, Praised Be his Name, and we stopped at the ‘deeds qualities’ which is the second part of the ‘proved qualities’.
Anwar:Yes, we did.
Hasan:We said the proved qualities are divided into two parts: essence and deed qualities. The essence qualities are actually part of the perfect qualities as they describe the perfection of the Almighty Allah unlike the deed qualities that come next; they are not suitable for the perfection of the Most Exalted, yet they are derived from His perfection.
Anwar:Would you please explain some of the perfection qualities?
Hasan:Yes, of course. Some of the essence qualities which are, in fact, part of the perfection qualities are the Omniscient, the Omnipotent and the Alive. I’ll explain these qualities in brief.
The Omniscient
Allah, Praised Be His Name, is Omniscient with no doubt, and ignorance is totally against His Devine Perfection. This is reasoned out through a number of debates:
· Opposite of knowledge is ignorance, and ignorance is a flaw that stands against the absolute perfection of the Almighty Allah. So, this is a proof that the Almighty Allah has the exact opposite of ignorance i.e. omniscience.
· The organization and harmony in the creation of the world refers to the full knowledge and wisdom of the organizer as wells of His omniscience to everything before their existence and after.
· His omniscience what we know is part of His omniscience; the Devine essence is transformed to us since our creation. So, He is the source of knowledge, and if He would be so, we wouldn’t have any.
Anwar:I have a question here. We read in the Noble Quran that:(And Verily We shall try you till We know those of you who strive hard and the steadfast, and till We test your record)47;35, and there are even more Verses indicating that knowledge can only come after testing and assessment. How does this agree with His Everlasting Omniscience?
Hasan:This is a very important and actually a brilliant question. We have to say that the Glorious Allah is the
Eternal, the Everlasting and the Old, and accordingly, His knowledge is as eternal, as everlasting and as old He is. This knowledge actually exists even before anything is created; He has knowledge to what when and where and how is going to be created taking into consideration every single possible detail.
This is eternal knowledge and it is not going to change; to show us His Omniscience, the Glorious Allah put it into thorough examination and testing to tell us that We know it all not only before testing you but even before you were existed, yet We test you to show what We already knew was going to take place.
Anwar:Very Good. So, His knowledgeiscomprehensive?
Hasan:His knowledge is so comprehensive that no one can ever surround it; He is Infinite and so is His knowledge. So, how is it possible to surround any of it? There are many Verses from the Noble Quran that prove this. I am going to give you some examples:
(And Allah knoweth all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, and Allah is Aware of all things)49;16.